21. C-Sharp Syntax

Topic	Code
Escape character in C#	Console.WriteLine(“Hello ” World”); Console.WriteLine(“Hello \t World”);
String formatting	Console.WriteLine({0} , Hello);
Convert full string to uppercase	s.ToUpper()
Convert only one char to uppercase	char.ToUpper(s[0])
Substring printing	Console.WriteLine(s[2..]);
Array initialization	int[] arr = new int[5]; or,  int[] arr = new int[] { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 }; or, int[] arr = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 };
Multidimensional array	int[,] array = new int[4, 2];
Jagged array	int[][] jaggedArray = new int[3][];
Decimal to binary	Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(m, toBase: 2));
Decimal to octal	Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(x, toBase: 8));
Bitwise NOT for toggling binary bit	int x = ~x;
Maximum of two values	Math.Max(sum, h)
Ceiling division	Math.Ceiling((double)n / 2);
Swap values	(a, b) = (b, a);
HashSet	HashSet myhash = new HashSet(); myhash.Add(“C”); myhash.Clear();
List (like vector)	List list = new List(); list.Add(12); Console.Write(“{0} ”, list[i]);
Dictionary (like pair in C++)	Dictionary<string, int> figures = new Dictionary<string, int>() { “Tetrahedron”, 4}, {“Cube”, 6}, {“Octahedron”, 8}, {“Dodecahedron”, 12}, {“Icosahedron”, 20}
Count occurrences using Dictionary	[See the provided code]
String sorting in C#	String.Concat(str.OrderBy(c ⇒ c)); string SortString(string input){char[] characters = input.ToArray();Array.Sort(characters);return new string(characters);} s = SortString(s);
Array sorting and reversing	Array.Sort(myarr); Array.Reverse(myarr);
Merge two arrays	int[] arr = arr1.Concat(arr2).ToArray();
Remove duplicates from an array	arr = arr.Distinct().ToArray();
Maximum value in an array	int maxi = arr.Max();
Length of an array	int len = arr.Length;
Sum of elements in an array	int total = arr.Sum();
Count occurrences of a specific value in an array	int one = arr.Where(i ⇒ i == 1).Count();
Lambda expressions	[See the provided code]
Input for 1D array	arr = Array.ConvertAll(Console.ReadLine().Split(’ ’), int.Parse);
Input for 2D array	[See the provided code]
Accessibility levels	public < internal < protected < private
int.Parse vs Convert.ToInt32	[Provided explanation]
Check object type	if (obj is string) if (!(obj is int))
Primitive types in C#	Boolean, Byte, SByte, Int16, UInt16, Int32, UInt32, Int64, UInt64, IntPtr, UIntPtr, Char, Double, Single
Object class methods	[Provided explanation and code]