Git Add Commands (To add files to staging area):
git add --all or git add -A: Add all files (new, modified, deleted).git add .: Add all files in the current folder (recommended).git add *: Add all files except deleted files.git add <file>: Add a specific file (e.g., git add test.txt).git add <folder>/<file>: Add a specific file in a folder (e.g., git add folder1/test.txt).
Git Remove Commands (To remove files from staging area or repository):
git rm <file>: Remove a specific file (e.g., git rm test.txt).git rm <file> -f: Force remove a file, even if it’s staged.git rm --cached <file>: Remove a file from the staging area but keep it in the working directory.git rm <folder>: Remove a specific folder (e.g., git rm folder1).git rm -r <folder>: Recursively remove a folder and its contents (e.g., git rm -r folder1).
Git Workflow:
- Local: Working Directory → Stage → Local Repository
- Remote: The repository on GitHub or other Git servers.
Common Linux Commands (for Git and general use):
clear: Clear the terminal screen.touch <file>: Create an empty file (e.g., touch text.txt).mkdir <folder>: Create a folder (e.g., mkdir folder1).rmdir <folder>: Remove an empty folder.pwd: Display the current working directory path.cd <folder>: Change to a directory (e.g., cd folder1).cd ../: Move back to the parent directory.nano <file>: Open or create a file in the Nano text editor (e.g., nano text.txt).cat <file>: Display the contents of a file (e.g., cat text.txt).cat > <file>: Edit or create a file (e.g., cat > text.txt), press CTRL+D to save and exit.
GitHub Vocabulary:
- Working Directory: The project folder on your local machine. Files here need to be staged using
git add before they can be committed.
- Stage: Temporary storage for changes before committing to the local repository.
- Local Repository: The local version of the project where committed changes are tracked. You can push these changes to the remote repository.
- Remote Repository: The version of the project hosted on a platform like GitHub.
Important Git Commands:
git clone <repo-url>: Clone an existing GitHub repository to your local machine.git status: Check the status of your working directory and staging area (if there are untracked, modified, or staged files).git commit -m "<message>": Commit changes with a message (e.g., git commit -m "Initial commit").git push -u origin <branch>: Push your changes to a remote repository (e.g., git push -u origin main).git pull: Fetch and merge changes from the remote repository to your local repository.git fetch: Fetch changes from the remote repository without merging them.
Other Useful Terms:
- Fork: Create a personal copy of a repository, allowing you to make changes without affecting the original repository.
- .gitignore: A file that specifies which files or folders Git should ignore (e.g.,
*.psd to ignore Photoshop files).
Create a New Repository:
git init: Initialize a new Git repository in the current directory.git add .: Add all files to the staging area.git config user.name "<name>": Set your username (e.g., git config user.name "msashoyeb").git config user.email "<email>": Set your email (e.g., git config user.email "msashoyeb@gmail.com").git commit -m "initial commit": Commit changes with a message.git remote add origin <repo-url>: Add a remote repository (e.g., git remote add origin https://github.com/msashoyeb/my-repo.git).git push -u origin main: Push your local changes to the remote repository.